Why develop a curriculum on One Health approach to human-wildlife conflict mitigation?

The interface between animals and humans is constantly increasing, primarily due to habitat fragmentation and loss, the international trade in wildlife and increasing demands of ecotourism and other forest-dependent livelihoods, resulting in disease spill-over.

The present situation needs to be urgently addressed, considering that human, animal and ecological health are interconnected—it is One Health. The One Health concept is based on the understanding that human, animal, and environmental health are closely interconnected and interdependent.

The One Health is a collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach—working at the local, regional, national and global levels—with the goal of achieving optimal health outcomes, recognizing the interconnection between people, animals, plants and their shared environment. Of late (2021) One Health was defined by One Health High Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP) as an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals and ecosystems.

One of the most effective ways to integrate One Health approach in HWC mitigation and overall wildlife and protected area management in India is to invest in capacity development of key stakeholders, enabling them in co-creating effective and sustainable solutions for mitigating human–wildlife conflict taking a One Health approach.

Training Approach and Methodology

The curriculum is modularised, with modules being delivered using different training methods over required time periods. The modularised structure provides flexibility to adapt the contents, methods and durations of different topics on the basis of the training needs of the participants. Learning outcomes have been formulated for different groups of participants, and so the modules can be used in any combination and over different durations, for specific purposes and to fit specific training schedules.

The curriculum on ‘Taking a One Health Approach to HWC Mitigation’ has the following components:

• Learning outcomes, which are formulated on the basis of the competencies required by key stakeholders
• Delivery options address the required flexibility in duration/intensity of the training to facilitate competency-development requirements of key stakeholder groups
• Training plans are the key instruments that facilitate the trainers in implementing the curriculum to facilitate achievement of learning outcomes for their respective participant groups. Training plans include content-modules, session plans and, the flow of training, and required training methods

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The Trainer’s Toolkit

The Trainer's Toolkit is useful for the faculty members and experts of agriculture academies, State Agriculture Universities, other agriculture training institutes, KVKs, as well as for the agriculture sector experts facilitating workshop/ training sessions. This kit contains all the modules and a trainer's guide.

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The Trainer's Kit contains the following:

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Learning Outcomes

For participants of the five-day intensive training for senior and mid-management level officers and trainers, with cross-sector participation

At the end of the training, the participants will be able to:

• Appraise different human–animal interface scenarios and demonstrate knowledge on how interactions between human and animal populations and environmental changes can lead to zoonotic and other emerging diseases
• Outline the concept and approach of One Health and its application in the context of wildlife and protected area management and HWC mitigation
• Demonstrate the skills required for implementing measures to prevent or control zoonotic and other emerging diseases
• Appraise the benefits and challenges of operationalizing the One Health approach in the wildlife, veterinary, animal husbandry and public health sectors from a transdisciplinary perspective
• Demonstrate the skills required for promoting a shared understanding of the One Health approach to HWC mitigation among key stakeholders
• Demonstrate (in a simulation) the application of the One Health approach to plan, implement, monitor and evaluate HWC mitigation measures

For participants of the five-day intensive training for the front-line staff of forest, veterinary, public health and administration departments, with cross-sector participants

At the end of the training, the participants will be able to:

• Illustrate different human–animal interface scenarios and demonstrate knowledge on how interactions between human and animal populations and environmental changes can lead to zoonotic and other emerging diseases
• Outline the concept and approach of One Health and its application in the context of wildlife and protected area management and HWC mitigation
• Appraise the benefits and challenges of operationalizing the One Health approach in the wildlife, veterinary, animal husbandry and public health sectors from a transdisciplinary perspective
• Demonstrate applications of measures in the field to prevent or control zoonotic and other emerging diseases during HWC mitigation-related operations
• Demonstrate the skills required for working in joint cross-sector and inter-agency teams to implement field measures required for operationalizing the One Health approach for HWC mitigation

For participants of the one-day training for panchayat members, farmers, women groups and other members/institutions of the local community

At the end of the training, the participants will be able to:

• Outline different livestock interface scenarios that can lead to zoonotic and other emerging diseases
• Outline the concept and approach of One Health
• Demonstrate the basic measures to prevent zoonotic and other emerging diseases in their day-to-day operations
• Support the joint cross-sector and inter-agency teams in implementing field measures required for operationalizing the One Health approach for HWC mitigation

Learning outcomes for participants of semester course for graduate and postgraduate students

At the end of the training, the participants will be able to:

• Appraise different human–animal interface scenarios and demonstrate knowledge on how interactions between human and animal populations and environmental changes can lead to zoonotic and other emerging diseases
• Outline the concept and approach of One Health and its application in the context of wildlife and protected area management and HWC mitigation
• Illustrate the measures to prevent or control zoonotic and other emerging diseases
• Describe the success factors required for operationalizing the One Health approach in the wildlife, veterinary, animal husbandry and public health sectors from a transdisciplinary perspective
• Demonstrate the skills required for promoting a shared understanding of the One Health approach to HWC mitigation among key stakeholders

To access the specialised module on One Health, Click here

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