22 Jan, 2020
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Biodiversity, and the benefits it provides, is fundamental to human well-being and a healthy planet. Despite ongoing efforts, biodiversity is deteriorating worldwide, and this decline is projected to continue or worsen under business-as-usual scenarios. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Secretariat has released the zero draft of the global biodiversity framework which “builds on the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020” and aims to bring about a “transformation in society’s relationship with biodiversity and to ensure that, by 2050, the shared vision of living in harmony with nature is fulfilled.”
The proposed framework, published on 13 January, presents five long-term goals for 2050 related to the CBD’s 2050 Vision for Biodiversity, and each of these goals has an associated outcome for 2030. The five goals address net loss and ecosystem resilience; reductions in the percentage of species threatened with extinction; the maintenance and enhancement of genetic diversity; the benefits of nature to people; and increasing the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits from the use of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge.
The framework also includes 20 action-oriented targets for 2030 that are meant to contribute to achieve these five goals. The 20 targets are presented under the categories of reducing threats to biodiversity; meeting people’s needs through sustainable use and benefit-sharing; and tools and solutions for implementation and mainstreaming. The draft includes a preliminary list of indicators that may be used to assess progress towards the goals and targets. It considers elements of guidance on goals, SMART targets, indicators, baselines, and monitoring frameworks, relating to the drivers of biodiversity loss and for achieving transformational change.
Current global trends and future scenarios were considered in the formulation of the framework. These include the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services issued by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services which cautioned that past and ongoing rapid declines in biodiversity, ecosystem functions. Further, global warming is likely to reach 1.5°C between 2030 and 2050 if current trends continue, while global population is expected to reach 8.6billion by 2030 and 9.8 billion by 2050. By 2030, there are expected to be 43 cities with more than 10 million inhabitants and by 2050,68per cent of the human population will live in urban areas. This increase in population and urbanisation will have implications for the demand for resources, including food, infrastructure and land use.
The 2030 Mission for this framework is to take urgent action across society to put biodiversity on a path to recovery for the benefit of planet and people. The framework is built around a theory of change (see figure) which recognises that urgent policy action globally, regionally and nationally is required to transform economic, social and financial models so that the trends that have exacerbated biodiversity loss will stabilise in the next 10 years (by 2030)and allow for the recovery of natural ecosystems in the following 20 years, with net improvements by 2050 to achieve the Convention’s vision of “living in harmony with nature by 2050”. It also assumes that a whole-of-government and society approach is necessary to make the changes needed over the next 10 years as a stepping stone towards the achievement of the 2050 Vision.
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The Open-Ended Working Group on the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework was tasked with advancing preparations for the development of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. This process is expected to lead to the adoption of a post-2020 global biodiversity framework at the UN Biodiversity Conference, which is set to convene in October 2020, in Kunming, China.
Source ‘Note by the Co-Chairs on the Zero Draft of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework’
Compiled by Neha Owaisy
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