The Western Ghats, the Malabar Coast, southern Assam, Lakshadweep, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands experience the tropical monsoon climate. They experience moderate to high temperature with seasonal, but heavy rainfall. May to November witness maximum rainfall and the rain received during this period is sufficient for vegetation throughout the year.

Tropical wet and dry climate or the savannah climate is most common in the country and prevails mainly in the inland peninsular region of the country except for some portion of the Western Ghats. The summers are extremely hot and the rainy season extends from the month of June to September.

Karnataka, central Maharashtra, some parts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh experience the tropical semi-arid (steppe) climate. Rainfall is very unreliable in this type of climate and the hot and dry summers are experienced from March to May.

Rajasthan experiences the sub-tropical arid (desert) climate, as it receives scanty and erratic rainfall and extreme summers.

The areas of the tropical desert that run from the regions of Punjab and Haryana to Kathiawar witness the sub-tropical semi-arid (steppe) climate. The maximum temperature in summers goes up to 40°C and the rains are unreliable and generally take place during summer monsoon season in this climate.

Summers are very hot, while in winters, temperature can plunge to as low as 0°C.

Rainfall mainly occurs in summers.

Some areas receive snowfall or occasional rainfall in. The hottest months are May and June and frost also occurs for few months in winters.

The trans-Himalayan belt, which is the northern side of the western Himalayas, is cold, arid and windswept. Heaviest snowfall occurs between the months of December to February.

It is very cold and snowfall occurs in winter.

Pastures are found in the higher slopes in summer and coniferous trees grow on the lower slopes.